European military identity research 2022-11-25

Dear respondent, I am a doctoral student at the Military Academy of Lithuania capt. Aleksandras Melnikovas. I am currently conducting an international comparative study aimed at revealing the expression and level of European military identity among cadets trained in various EU Member States. Your participation in the research is very important, by answering the questions, you will help to assess the levels of European military identity and contribute to the improvement and refinement of the training of officers in the European Union. The questionnaire is anonymous, your personal data will not be published anywhere, and your answers will be analyzed only in an aggregated form. Please answer all the questions by choosing the answer option that best reflects your beliefs and attitudes. The questionnaire asks questions about your study experience, attitudes towards the European Union as a whole and towards the EU's Common Security and Defense Policy (CSDP), which has been aiming to gradually build a common European defense and contribute to strengthening international peace and security.

Thank you very much for your time and answers.

BY PROCEEDING TO THIS QUESTIONNAIRE YOU AGREE TO PARTICIPATE IN ANONYMOUS SURVEY.

Questionnaire results are publicly available

MaleFemaleOther

ArmyNavyAir ForceOther

Political studies and relatedManagement related study programTechnical study programSpecialised study program (medical studies, military police, IT, etc.)Other

Yes	No
Did you have subjects related to the European Union at your military education institution?

Did you have subjects related to the EU Common Security and Defense Policy at your military education institution?

Strongly disagree	Disagree	Neither agree, nor disagree	Agree	Strongly agree
My military education institution promotes the sharing of common European values

My military education institution provides all necessary information about the Erasmus program

My military education institution encourages me to participate in the Erasmus program

For me, my military education institution is the primary source of information about the EU CSDP

Yes, onceYes, two timesYes, three or more timesNo, I haven't

The Treaty of AmsterdamThe Treaty of BrusselsThe Lisbon TreatyI don’t know

The Petersberg DeclarationThe Treaty of MaastrichtThe St. Malo DeclarationI don’t know

199020162003I don’t know

It stated that Member States should assist if a member state is subject to a terrorist attack or the victim of a natural or man-made disasterIt allowed the creation of the European External Action Service (EEAS)It created a framework for Permanent Structured Cooperation (PESCO)None of theseAll of theseI don’t know

It allowed the creation of a common EU armyIt boosted civil-military cooperationIt introduced a "comprehensive approach" to EU crisis managementNone of theseAll of theseI don’t know

Has gone too far

Should be enhanced

European military integration has gone too far or should be enhanced?

Strongly disagree	Disagree	Neither agree, nor disagree	Agree	Strongly agree
1. In general, I consider myself to be European

2. In case of military aggression against my country, the EU should defend my country

3. In case of military aggression against one of the EU countries, my country should contribute to the EU defense

4. I would defend the EU with a weapon if my country was threatened at the same time

5. I would defend the EU with a weapon if one of the EU countries was threatened

6. If I had the opportunity, I would agree to serve in the common EU army, led by the EU government

Strongly disagree	Disagree	Neither agree, nor disagree	Agree	Strongly agree
1. A common, centralized EU army, led by the EU government, should be created and strengthened

2. The EU's Common Security and Defense Policy should be strengthened

3. My country should contribute more to the implementation of the EU Common Security and Defense Policy

4. My country should contribute more to the creation of a common EU army

5. Participation in the EU CSDP is beneficial for my country

6. Basically, I trust the EU as an institution

7. Basically, I trust the EU's Common Security and Defense Policy

Strongly disagree	Disagree	Neither agree, nor disagree	Agree	Strongly agree
1. In 10 years' time, the support for the EU Common Security and Defense Policy will increase

2. In 10 years, EU's military integration will increase

3. After 10 years, the participation of EU countries in the EU Common Security and Defense Policy will increase

4. In 10 years, the EU's importance as a geopolitical power in the world will grow

5. In 10 years' time, the support for a common, centralized EU army, led by the EU government, will increase

ForAgainstDon't know

One single European army that would replace national armiesA permanent European Rapid Reaction Force (RRF) in addition to national armiesA European RRF that would be put together only when neededNo European army, but only national armiesOtherDon't know

Only by the governments of the countries willing to send troopsBy unanimous voting, that is, all countries have to agreeBy majority voting, keeping the right for each State not to send troopsBy majority voting, forcing each State to send troopsDon't know

On average, once a WEEK	On average, once a MONTH	On average, once in a HALF YEAR	On average, once a YEAR
ERASMUS students

Foreign lecturers/professors

Other EU citizens

Other NON-EU citizens

European military identity research 2022-11-25

2. Gender ✪

3. Education ✪

4. Age ✪

6. What type of armed forces are you being prepared for? ✪

7. What is your study program? ✪

11.1. Please answer the following questions about your military education institution: ✪

11.2. Please answer the questions about your military education institution: ✪

12. Have you ever participated in the ERASMUS program? ✪

13. Do you see yourself as ... ? ✪

14. If you would think of the past year, how often do you encounter foreigners? ✪

15.1. PLEASE ANSWER THE QUESTIONS ABOUT THE EU COMMON SECURITY AND DEFENSE POLICY (CSDP). The idea of a common defense policy for Europe was first formulated in: ✪

15.2. The main CSDP military tasks were defined in: ✪

15.3. The first European Security Strategy identifying common threats and objectives was adopted in: ✪

15.4. What changes did the Treaty of Lisbon have on the CSDP? ✪

15.5. What impact did the “Global Strategy for the European Union's Foreign and Security Policy” have on CSDP: ✪

16. Some people say that European military integration should be enhanced and developed. Others say it has gone too far. What is your opinion? Use the scale to express your opinion. ✪

17.1. What are your personal attitudes towards the EU, European security, and defense? Please give your opinion on each statement: ✪

17.2. What are your personal beliefs regarding European security and defense? Please give your opinion on each statement: ✪

17.3. What are your personal attitudes towards the future of European security and defense? Please give your opinion on each statement: ✪

18. Please tell me whether you are for or against a common defense and security policy among EU Member States? ✪

19. In your opinion, what type of European army would be desirable to have? ✪

20. In your opinion, what should be the future European army's roles? (Mark all relevant answers) ✪

21. In case of military intervention, who should make the decision to send troops within the framework of a crisis outside the EU? ✪

22. In your opinion, decisions concerning European defense policy should be made by: ✪